IPv4 vs IPv6: Qhov txawv yog dab tsi?
Ob versions ntawm internet qhov chaw nyob yog khiav ntawm ib sab tam sim no. Nov yog yuav ua li cas qhia lawv sib nrug ntawm ib sab - thiab yog vim li cas lub ntiaj teb maj mam txav ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov.
Qhia lawv sib nrug ntawm ib nrais muag
Txoj kev ceev tshaj plaws los qhia IPv4 thiab IPv6 sib nrug yog yooj yim li cas lawv tau sau:
# IPv4 — plaub tus lej, 0–255, sib cais los ntawm cov dots 192.168.1.1 203.0.113.42 # IPv6 - yim pawg ntawm hexadecimal, sib cais los ntawm cov nyuv 2606:4700:4700:0000:0000:0000:0000:1111 2606:4700:4700::1111 # tus :: hides cov pawg khoob
Yog tias koj pom cov dots, nws yog IPv4. Yog tias koj pom cov kab thiab cov ntawv sib xyaw nrog cov lej, nws yog IPv6. Ob lub plab (::) yog luv luv rau ib lossis ntau pawg neeg xoom, uas yog vim li cas tiag tiag IPv6 chaw nyob feem ntau saib luv.
Vim li cas IPv6 muaj nyob
IPv4 tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1970s nrog 32-ntsis chaw nyob - txog 4.3 billion qhov chaw nyob tau. Xyoo 1980 uas zoo nkaus li tsis muaj zog; Niaj hnub no muaj ntau cov khoom siv hauv internet txuas dua li cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb.
Is Taws Nem patched qhov tsis txaus rau ntau xyoo nrog kev dag zoo li NAT (tag nrho tsev neeg sib koom ib tus pej xeem IPv4) thiab CGNAT (tag nrho cov zej zog sib koom ib qho). Tab sis patching muaj qhov txwv, yog li xyoo 1998 IETF tus qauv IPv6: qhov chaw nyob 128-ntsis muab kwv yees 340 unde ua (3.4 × 10³⁸) chaw nyob - txaus los muab txhua lub cuab yeej ntawm lub ntiaj teb billions ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm nws tus kheej.
Kev sib piv ntawm ib sab
| Feature | IPv4 | IPv6 |
|---|---|---|
| Hom ntawv | 203.0.113.42 | 2606:4700::1111 |
| Loj | 32-ntsis | 128-ntsis |
| Chaw nyob | ≈ 4.3 billion | ≈ 3.4 × 10³⁸ |
| Cov sib cais | Dots (.) | Colons (:) |
| NAT xav tau | Yog — chaw nyob tsis tshua muaj | Tsis yog - txhua lub cuab yeej tuaj yeem muaj chaw nyob pej xeem |
| Kev teeb tsa | Phau ntawv los yog DHCP | Automatic (SLAAC) lossis DHCPv6 |
| Kev saws me nyuam | Universal | ≈ 45%+ ntawm Google cov neeg siv thiab nce toj |
Koj siv qhov twg?
Feem ntau yuav yog ob qho tib si. Niaj hnub nimno network khiav dual pawg - IPv4 thiab IPv6 ib sab - thiab koj lub cuab yeej xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau ib lub vev xaib. Peb lub vev xaib qhia txhua qhov sib cais: tus IPv4 thiab IPv6 cov paib hauv qab koj qhov chaw nyob hais Pom tau thaum koj qhov kev sib txuas muaj raws tu qauv, thiab Tsis pom thaum tsis muaj.
Qhib howtofindtheip.com thiab saib cov chips txuas. Yog tias IPv6 hais tias "Tsis pom", koj ISP tseem tsis tau qhib nws (lossis koj lub router tau kaw lawm) - tsis muaj dab tsi tawg, thiab IPv4 ua haujlwm zoo.
Cov lus qhia xeem: qhov chaw nyob uas pom loj nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nplooj ntawv yog qhov twg raws tu qauv koj tus browser nyiam rau qhov kev thov ntawd. Yog tias nws muaj cov colons, koj tau mus txog peb dhau IPv6 - ua haujlwm IPv6 txuas hauv kev nqis tes ua.
Yuav ua li cas hloov mus
IPv6 kev saws me nyuam dhau 45% ntawm Google tus neeg siv lub hauv paus thiab tseem loj hlob txhua xyoo. Is Nrias teb, Teb Chaws Asmeskas, Fabkis thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees zoo dhau 50%; mobile carriers tshwj xeeb tau txais nws. Kev hloov pauv tag nrho ntawm IPv4 yuav siv sijhawm ntau xyoo, vim tias ob txoj cai tsis sib haum ncaj qha - yog li ob pawg, thiab cov thev naus laus zis txhais lus rau lub sijhawm tsis txaus ntseeg nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub sijhawm.
Rau koj raws li tus neeg siv, qhov kev hloov pauv tsis pom: tib lub internet, tib qhov chaw, tsuas yog chav nyob hauv qab. Rau hauv internet tag nrho, nws yog qhov txawv ntawm ib lub nroog coob coob thiab infinite suburbs.
Kawm ntxiv
- Tshiab rau lub ncauj lus? Pib nrog Qhov chaw nyob IP yog dab tsi.
- Xav tau cov lej rau koj tus kheej kev sib txuas? Tshawb xyuas koj tus IP tam sim no.
- Hauv kev yos hav zoov? Saib Yuav ua li cas nrhiav tus IP chaw nyob ntawm Windows, Mac, iPhone thiab Android.
IPv4 vs IPv6 cov lus nug
Qhov twg zoo dua, IPv4 lossis IPv6?
Rau cov neeg siv, tsis yog "ceev" hauv txhua txoj kev pom. IPv6 yog tus txheej txheem pov thawj yav tom ntej nrog rau qhov chaw nyob tsis txwv qhov chaw thiab yooj yim routing; IPv4 tseem yog universal vim tias txhua lub network txhawb nqa nws. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws koj qhov kev sib txuas khiav ob qho tib si.
Vim li cas kuv thiaj muaj IPv4 thiab IPv6 chaw nyob tib lub sijhawm?
Feem ntau niaj hnub tes hauj lwm khiav "dual stack": ob qho tib si raws tu qauv yog active ib txhij. Qhov twg yog siv rau lub vev xaib muab nyob ntawm qhov chaw txhawb nqa. Peb lub vev xaib tshawb xyuas txhua qhov chaw nyob sib cais.
Puas yog IPv6 ntiag tug ntau dua li IPv4?
Tsis tas li. Qhov chaw nyob IPv6 tuaj yeem muaj tus cim kev sib txuas ruaj khov uas nyob nrog koj lub cuab yeej, uas nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav ua rau nws taug qab ntau dua. Niaj hnub nimno kev khiav hauj lwm systems siv kev ceev ntiag tug extensions uas randomise no identifier, yog li nyob rau hauv kev xyaum IPv6 yog roughly piv rau IPv4 rau kev ceev ntiag tug.
Kuv puas yuav tsum tau ua dab tsi los hloov mus rau IPv6?
Feem ntau tsis muaj. IPv6 tuaj txog cia li ib zaug koj ISP enables nws thiab koj router txhawb nws. Yog hais tias tus IPv6 paib nyob rau peb lub homepage hais tias "Tsis pom", txawm tias koj ISP tseem tsis tau dov nws los yog koj lub router tau ua tsis taus.