He aha ka IP Address?

ʻO ka wehewehe maʻalahi

ʻO An IP address (Internet Protocol address) he helu kū hoʻokahi i hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā me kēia hāmeʻa e pili ana i kahi pūnaewele me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka protocol pūnaewele. E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e like me ka leka uila no ka ʻikepili: ke noi ʻoe i kahi ʻaoʻao pūnaewele, pono e ʻike pono ke kikowaena i kahi e hoʻouna ai - a ʻo kāu IP address ʻo ia ka lepili huakaʻi.

Penei ka helu IPv4 maʻamau: 203.0.113.42. Penei ka helu IPv6: 2606:4700:4700::1111. Hana like nā mea ʻelua - ʻike i kahi pilina - me nā lumi like ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kāu helu lehulehu i kēia manawa kā mākou ʻaoʻao home; ʻike koke ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao.

Pehea e hana ai kahi helu IP

Ke hoʻouna aku kāu kelepona i kekahi mea ma ka pūnaewele - kahi hulina, wikiō wikiō, leka uila - ʻoki ʻia ka ʻikepili i loko o nā ʻeke liʻiliʻi. Lawe ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻeke i ʻelua mau helu ma kona poʻomanaʻo: kāu IP (ka helu hoʻihoʻi) a me ka IP o kahi e hele ai. Heluhelu nā mea ala ma ke ala i kēlā mau poʻomanaʻo a hoʻouna i kēlā me kēia ʻeke hoʻokahi hop kokoke, e like me ke ala ʻana o kahi keʻena hoʻokaʻawale i kahi leka.

Ma muli o ka lawe ʻana o nā ʻeke i kāu helu wahi hoʻihoʻi, ʻo ka pane - ka ʻaoʻao pūnaewele, nā kiʻi wikiō - ʻike i ke ala e hoʻi ai iā ʻoe. ʻAʻohe IP address, ʻaʻohe hāʻawi.

Ka lehulehu vs pilikino IP helu wahi

Eia kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka nui o ka huikau: loaʻa i kāu mau polokalamu ʻelua ʻano o nā helu IP i ka manawa like.

• IP kūʻokoʻa (local). — hāʻawi ʻia e kāu mea hoʻokele Wi-Fi i kēlā me kēia hāmeʻa ma kou home: pinepine kekahi mea like 192.168.1.42 a i ʻole 10.0.0.15. Aia kēia mau mea i loko o kāu pūnaewele ponoʻī. Hoʻohana nā miliona o nā hale ma ka honua i nā ʻōlelo pilikino like me ka hakakā ʻole.
• IP lehulehu — ʻo ka helu wahi āu i hāʻawi ai i kāu mea hoʻolako pūnaewele (ISP) i kāu mea hoʻokele, e hōʻike ana i kou ʻohana holoʻokoʻa ma ka pūnaewele. ʻO kēlā me kēia pūnaewele āu e kipa ai e ʻike i kēia. ʻO ia ka mea kā mākou mea hana huli IP hōʻike.

Hana ʻia ka unuhi ma waena o nā mea ʻelua i loko o kāu alalai, ma kahi kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo NAT (Network Address Translation). ʻO ia ke kumu o kāu kamepiula, kelepona a me ka TV ke nānā nei ma lalo o hoʻokahi helu IP lehulehu.

He aha kāu IP e hōʻike ai e pili ana iā ʻoe

ʻO ka mea ʻike i kāu helu IP hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi:

• Kou wahi kokoke — ʻo ka maʻamau ke kūlanakauhale a i ʻole ka ʻāina, i kekahi manawa ʻo ka hub routing wale nō o kāu ISP. E ʻike iā ʻoe iho me kā mākou Mea paahana wahi IP.
• ʻO kāu ISP a me kāu hui - ka hui nona ka helu wahi (Comcast, Orange, Vodafone, kahi mea hoʻolako kikowaena…).
• Ka inoa o kou pilina - inā paha e ʻike ʻia ka helu wahi ma ka spam a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i nā papa inoa ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole no kahi VPN a i ʻole proxy.

He aha ia hiki ole hōʻike: kou inoa, kāu helu alanui, kou kūlana GPS pololei. Hiki i kāu ISP ke hoʻohui i kahi IP i kahi moʻokāki mea kūʻai aku, a hana ia i ka wā i koi ʻia ma ke kānāwai. E nānā i ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e kāu IP ponoʻī - kahaha pinepine ka hopena i ka poʻe i ka maopopo ʻole.

Dynamic vs static IPs

Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohana home a dynamic IP: Hāʻawi ka ISP iā ʻoe i kahi helu no kekahi manawa (kahi hoʻolimalima DHCP), a laila hoʻololi. E hoʻomaka hou i kāu kelepona a hoʻi mai paha ʻoe me kahi helu wahi ʻē aʻe. A IP kūʻokoʻa ʻaʻole hoʻololi - kūʻai nā ʻoihana iā lākou e hoʻokipa i nā kikowaena, a hāʻawi kekahi mau ISP iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui uku. Inā ʻoe i ʻike i ka loli ʻana o kāu helu wahi ma waena o nā kipa ʻana i kēia pūnaewele, ʻo ia ka hoʻolimalima ikaika ma ka hana.

Pehea e pale ai (a hūnā paha) i kāu IP

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e nānā i kāu IP - pono kēlā me kēia pilina. Akā inā makemake ʻoe ʻaʻole e kaʻana like:

• VPN (Wehewehe Pilikino Virtual) — alai i kāu mau kaʻa a pau ma o kahi kikowaena ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, no laila ʻike nā pūnaewele i ka IP o VPN ma kahi o kāu. ʻO ke koho hilinaʻi loa.
• Nā kikowaena proxy - like, akā i kaupalena ʻia i kāu polokalamu kele pūnaewele a i ʻole hoʻokahi app. Nui nā mea i ʻike ʻia; hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia i kekahi helu wahi me kā mākou Hōʻoia Proxy & VPN.
• Tor — manuahi a ʻike ʻole ʻia, akā ʻoi aku ka lohi.
• Hoʻomaka hou ka mea alaala - me nā IP ikaika, hiki i ka hoʻopili hou ʻana ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi helu hou (ʻoiai e mālama ana kāu ISP i nā moʻolelo e pili ana i nā mea kahiko a me nā mea hou).

Makemake ʻoe i ka mea a kahi pūnaewele e aʻo maoli ai mai kāu kipa ʻana? Holo hou i luna o kā mākou ʻaoʻao home - ʻo ka ʻāina, ke kūlanakauhale a me ka ISP i hōʻike ʻia ma laila ke kiʻi piha.