IPv4 vs IPv6: Ndeupi Musiyano?
Mavhezheni maviri einternet's addressing system ari kushanda padivi nepadivi izvozvi. Heano maitiro ekuvasiyanisa nekungotarisa - uye nei nyika iri kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kune imwe kuenda kune imwe.
Ndichivaudza nekukasira
Iyo inokurumidza nzira yekuudza IPv4 uye IPv6 zvakasiyana ndeyekungonyorwa kwadzo:
# IPv4 - nhamba ina, 0-255, yakaparadzaniswa nemadotsi 192.168.1.1 203.0.113.42 # IPv6 - mapoka masere ehexadecimal, akaparadzaniswa nemakoloni 2606:4700:4700:0000:0000:0000:0000:1111 2606:4700:4700::1111 # the :: inovanza mapoka asina chinhu
Kana iwe ukaona madots, ndeye IPv4. Kana ukaona makoroni nemavara akasanganiswa nemanhamba, iIPv6. Iyo mbiri colon (::) ipfupi kune rimwe kana akawanda mapoka-zero, ndosaka nyika chaiyo IPv6 kero dzinowanzoita sedzipfupi.
Nei IPv6 iripo
IPv4 yakagadzirwa mukupera kwema1970 iine 32-bit kero ndima - nezve 4.3 bhiriyoni zvinobvira kero. Muna 1980 izvozvo zvaiita sezvisingaperi; nhasi kune michina yakabatana neinternet yakawanda kupfuura vanhu vari paNyika.
Indaneti yakabata kushomeka kwemakumi emakore nemanomano akaita seNAT (dzimba dzese dzinogovana IPv4 yeruzhinji) uye CGNAT (nharaunda dzese dzinogovana imwe). Asi chigamba chine miganhu, saka muna 1998 iyo IETF yakamisa IPv6: a 128-bit kero nzvimbo inopa zvishoma. 340 madhora (3.4 × 10³⁸) kero - yakakwana kupa mudziyo wega wega wepasi mabhiriyoni emakero ayo.
Kuenzanisa-ne-kurutivi
| Feature | IPv4 | IPv6 |
|---|---|---|
| Format | 203.0.113.42 | 2606:4700::1111 |
| Size | 32-bit | 128-bit |
| Kero nzvimbo | ≈ 4.3 bhiriyoni | ≈ 3.4 × 10³⁸ |
| Separators | Dots (.) | Makoroni (:) |
| NAT inodiwa | Hongu - kero ishoma | Kwete - mudziyo wese unogona kuve nekero yeruzhinji |
| Configuration | Manual kana DHCP | Otomatiki (SLAAC) kana DHCPv6 |
| Adoption | Universal | ≈ 45%+ yevashandisi veGoogle uye kukwira |
Ndeipi yauri kushandisa?
Zvingangodaro zvose zviri zviviri. Manetiweki emazuva ano anomhanya dual stack - IPv4 uye IPv6 padivi padivi - uye mudziyo wako unotora yakanakisa pane webhusaiti. Peji yedu yekumba inoratidza imwe neimwe zvakasiyana: iyo IPv4 uye IPv6 mabheji pasi pekero yako anoti Detected kana kubatana kwako kune iyo protocol, uye Haisati yaonekwa kana zvisingaite.
Vhura howtofindtheip.com uye tarisa machipisi ekubatanidza. Kana IPv6 ichiti "Haina kuonekwa", ISP yako haisati yaigonesa (kana router yako yakadzimwa) - hapana chakatyoka, uye IPv4 inoramba ichishanda zvakanaka.
Yedza zano: kero inoratidzwa hombe kumusoro kwepeji ndeye chero protocol yaunoda kune iyo browser. Kana iine makoroni, wakasvika kwatiri pamusoro peIPv6 - inoshanda IPv6 yekubatanidza mukuita.
Kuti switch iri kufamba sei
Kutorwa kweIPv6 kwakapfuura 45% yeGoogle's user base uye inoramba ichikura gore rega rega. India, US, France neGermany dzapfuura 50%; vatakuri venhare kunyanya vakaigamuchira. Kutsiva kwakazara kweIPv4 kuchatora makore akawanda, nekuti maprotocol maviri aya haaenderane zvakananga - nekudaro dual stack, uye matekinoroji eshanduro eiyo inonetsa mukati menguva.
Kwauri semushandisi, shanduko haionekwe: internet yakafanana, masaiti mamwe chete, angori kero dzekamuri pazasi. Kune internet yese, ndiwo mutsauko uripo pakati peguta rine vanhu vakawanda nemasabhubhu asingagumi.
Dzidza zvimwe
- Mutsva kunyaya? Tanga ne chii chinonzi IP kero chaizvo.
- Unoda nhamba dzekubatanidza kwako pachako? Tarisa IP yako ikozvino.
- Pakuvhima mudziyo? Maona sei kuwana IP kero paWindows, Mac, iPhone uye Android.
IPv4 vs IPv6 mibvunzo
Chii chiri nani, IPv4 kana IPv6?
Kune vashandisi, hapana "kukurumidza" chero nzira inooneka. IPv6 ndiyo yeramangwana-humbowo protocol ine isingaite isina muganho kero nzvimbo uye nyore nzira; IPv4 inoramba iri yepasirese nekuti network yese inoitsigira. Zvakanaka kubatana kwako kunomhanya zvese.
Sei ndine IPv4 uye IPv6 kero panguva imwe chete?
Mazhinji network azvino anomhanyisa "dual stack": ese maprotocol anoshanda panguva imwe chete. Ndeipi iyo inoshandiswa kune yakapihwa webhusaiti zvinoenderana nekuti iyo saiti inotsigira. Peji yedu yekumba inoona imwe neimwe yekero dzako zvakasiyana.
IPv6 yakavanzika kupfuura IPv4 here?
Kwete hazvo. IPv6 kero inogona kunge iine yakagadzika interface identifier inogara nemudziyo wako, izvo zvinoita kuti iwedzere kurongeka. Masisitimu emazuva ano anoshanda anoshandisa edzengedzero yekuvanzika iyo inomisa chiziviso ichi, saka mukuita IPv6 inofananidzwa neIPv4 yekuvanzika.
Pane chandinofanira kuita here kuti ndichinje kuIPv6?
Kazhinji kwete. IPv6 inosvika otomatiki kana ISP yako yaigonesa uye router yako ichitsigira. Kana iyo IPv6 bheji iripo peji redu rekutanga inoti "Haina kuonekwa", ingave ISP yako haisati yaiburitsa kana kuti router yako yakadzimwa.