howtofindtheip.com

IP Traceroute: Nigute Ukurikirana Inzira Yihuza

Traceroute yerekana buri router amakuru yawe anyura hagati yigikoresho cyawe n'aho ugana - kandi aho urugendo rutinda. Dore uburyo bwo kuyikoresha kuri sisitemu iyo ari yo yose kandi usome ibisohoka.

Ibyo traceroute ikora

Buri paki igenda kuri interineti itwara imipaka - TTL (igihe cyo kubaho) kuri IPv4, cyangwa imipaka ya IPv6. Buri router yohereza paki irabigabanya umwe; iyo ikubise zeru, router ita paki hanyuma ikohereza ikinyabupfura ubutumwa "igihe cyarenze".

Traceroute yitwaje intwaro mu kinyabupfura: yohereza paki hamwe na TTL 1, hanyuma 2, hanyuma 3… Buri "gihe cyarenze" igisubizo kigarutse kigaragaza adresse yundi murongo umwe munzira. Kubatondekanya hamwe ukabona inzira yuzuye kuva kuri wewe kugera iyo ujya - hamwe nigihe.

Gukoresha kuri sisitemu yawe

Windows - tracert

Kanda Gutsinda + R., Ubwoko cmd, hitamo Enter, hanyuma ukore:

Command Prompt
tracert howtofindtheip.com

# Ukoresheje aderesi ya IP aho kuba izina:
tracert 1.1.1.1

macOS & Linux - traceroute

Terminal
traceroute howtofindtheip.com

# macOS irashobora gukenera inzira yuzuye cyangwa kwishyiriraho:
/usr/sbin/traceroute howtofindtheip.com   # macOS
sudo apt install traceroute               # Debian / Ubuntu

Inzira nziza - mtr

mtr (My Traceroute) ikomatanya traceroute na ping muburyo bwa Live - amakuru menshi cyane yo gusuzuma jitter nigihombo. Kuboneka kuri Linux, macOS (binyuze brew install mtr) na Windows (WinMTR).

Terminal
mtr howtofindtheip.com
# Kanda 'q' kugirango ureke

Gusoma ibisubizo

Ibisohoka bisanzwe bisa nkibi:

Example output
 1  router.home          1.2 ms  1.0 ms  1.1 ms      # router yawe
 2  isp-gw.net          12.4 ms 12.1 ms 12.3 ms      # ISP yawe
 3  backbone1.net       21.0 ms 20.8 ms 21.2 ms      # urusobe rw'akarere
 4  * * *                                            # gucecekesha router (bisanzwe)
 5  edge-server.net     23.9 ms 24.1 ms 23.8 ms
 6  howtofindtheip.com  24.0 ms 23.7 ms 23.9 ms      # aho ujya
  • Umubare wizere - ni bangahe bayobora byimbitse iperereza ryageze.
  • Izina ryizina / IP - router yashubije (amazina ya PTR akenshi yerekana umujyi cyangwa umutwara).
  • Ibihe bitatu - ingendo-shuri inshuro eshatu. Icyangombwa ni icyerekezo: gusimbuka gutunguranye bikomeza muri hops mubisanzwe biranga igice gitinze.

Ubukererwe bukabije muri hops kare (ISP yawe) bigira ingaruka kuri byose; ubukererwe buke bugaragara bitinze munzira akenshi ni ubwinshi hafi yicyerekezo. Ushaka kugenzura izina rya imwe muri hops wabonye? Shyira IP yayo muri twe urutonde rwumukara cyangwa Shakisha ku ikarita.

Kuberiki hops igihe

Asterisks (* * *) bivuze ko router itashubije iyo probe. Bisanzwe, kandi mubisanzwe ntacyo bitwaye:

  • Router nyinshi zashyizweho kugirango zirengagize iperereza rya traceroute rwose (kugabanya igipimo cyangwa politiki yumutekano).
  • Firewalls ita UDP cyangwa ICMP packets traceroute ikoresha.
  • Router ishyira imbere kuruta gusubiza traffic traffic.

Amategeko ngenderwaho: igihe cyateganijwe hagati yikurikiranwa nibyiza mugihe hops ikomeza gusubiza. Niba buri hop nyuma yigihe runaka cyashize na aho ujya ntushobora gusubiza, iyo hop niho ihuza ryanyu rihagarara - amakuru yingirakamaro mugihe mutongana numurongo wo gushyigikira ISP.

Kuki nta rubuga rushobora gukurikiranwa wowe

Mucukumbuzi yashizwemo nkana: JavaScript ntishobora kohereza paki mbisi cyangwa gusoma ICMP isubiza traceroute isaba. "Traceroute" iyo ari yo yose ubona ikora kuva kuri seriveri yabatanga kugeza ku ntego - ifite akamaro, ariko ipima inzira itandukanye n’ibikoresho byawe bwite.

Icyo wowe irashobora kora muri mushakisha: menya wowe ubwawe n'inzira zawe. Shakisha IP rusange, hanyuma reba hejuru ya DNS kubona izina ryakiriwe ISP yawe yashizwe kumurongo - ubwoko bumwe bwizina traceroute yerekana kuri buri hop.

FAQ

Ibibazo bya Traceroute

IP traceroute yerekana iki?

Traceroute itondekanya buri router (hop) paki yawe inyura hagati yigikoresho cyawe n’aho ujya, hamwe nigihe cyo kuzenguruka ingendo ya buri hop. Irerekana aho guhuza gutinda cyangwa gucika.

Ni ukubera iki hops traceroute yerekana inyenyeri cyangwa igihe cyashize?

Routers nyinshi zashyizweho kugirango zidasubiza traceroute probe, kandi firewall irazibuza. Asterisks kuri hops intera irasanzwe kandi ntacyo itwaye - icyangombwa nukumenya niba aho uheruka gusubiza.

Nshobora gukora traceroute kurubuga?

Mucukumbuzi ntishobora kohereza paki zibisi traceroute ikeneye, ntabwo rero ishobora gukorwa kubakiriya-kuruhande. Urubuga rwa traceroutes rurahari, ariko bapima inzira kuva seriveri y'urubuga kugera ku ntego - ntabwo biva kubikoresho byawe. Kuva kuri mushakisha urashobora gukomeza shakisha IP rusange na Hindura DNS.