howtofindtheip.com

IP Traceroute: Ungalanda njani iNdlela yoQhagamshelwano

I-Traceroute ibonisa yonke i-router idatha yakho edlulayo phakathi kwesixhobo sakho kunye nayo nayiphi na indawo yokuya - kwaye apho uhambo lucotha. Nantsi indlela yokuyiqhuba kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo kwaye ngokwenene ufunde imveliso.

Yintoni eyenziwa yi-traceroute

Yonke ipakethi ehamba ngapha kwe-intanethi inomda we-hop - i-TTL (ixesha lokuphila) kwi-IPv4, okanye umda we-hop kwi-IPv6. I-router nganye ehambisa ipakethe phambili iyayinciphisa ngenye; xa ibetha i-zero, i-router iwisa ipakethe kwaye ngokuzithoba ithumela umyalezo "ugqithise ixesha".

I-Traceroute ixhobisa le nto ngembeko: ithumela iipakethi ezine-TTL 1, emva koko 2, emva koko 3… Nganye impendulo ethi "ligqithile" impendulo ebuyayo ityhila idilesi yenye indlela. Zidibanise kwaye ufumane indlela epheleleyo esuka kuwe ukuya kwindawo oya kuyo - kunye namaxesha.

Ukuyiqhuba kwindlela yakho

Iifestile - tracert

Cinezela Win + R, uhlobo cmd, betha u-Enter, emva koko ubaleke:

Command Prompt
tracert howtofindtheip.com

# Ngedilesi ye-IP endaweni yegama:
tracert 1.1.1.1

IMacOS kunye neLinux - traceroute

Terminal
traceroute howtofindtheip.com

# iMacOS inokufuna indlela epheleleyo okanye ufakelo:
/usr/sbin/traceroute howtofindtheip.com   # macOS
sudo apt install traceroute               # Debian/Ubuntu

Indlela engcono - mtr

mtr (I-Traceroute yam) idibanisa i-traceroute kunye ne-ping kwimbono ephilayo-inolwazi olungakumbi lokufumanisa i-jitter kunye nelahleko. Iyafumaneka kwiLinux, macOS (nge brew install mtr) kunye neWindows (WinMTR).

Terminal
mtr howtofindtheip.com
# Cofa u-'q' ukuyeka

Ukufunda iziphumo

Imveliso eqhelekileyo ibonakala ngolu hlobo:

Example output
 1  router.home          1.2 ms  1.0 ms  1.1 ms      #umzila wakho
 2  isp-gw.net          12.4 ms 12.1 ms 12.3 ms      # ISP yakho
 3  backbone1.net       21.0 ms 20.8 ms 21.2 ms      # inethiwekhi yengingqi
 4  * * *                                            # i-router ethe cwaka (yesiqhelo)
 5  edge-server.net     23.9 ms 24.1 ms 23.8 ms
 6  howtofindtheip.com  24.0 ms 23.7 ms 23.9 ms      # indawo yokufikela
  • Inombolo yeHop - zingaphi iirotha ezinzulu ezifikelelweyo.
  • Igama lomamkeli / IP - i-router ephendule (amagama e-PTR ahlala ebonisa isixeko okanye umphathiswa).
  • Amaxesha amathathu - amaxesha okubuya nokubuya kweprobe ezintathu. Okubalulekileyo kukuba umkhwa: Ukutsiba ngesiquphe okuqhubekekayo kwii-hops zamva kudla ngokuphawula icandelo elicothayo.

I-latency ephezulu kwi-hops yokuqala (i-ISP yakho) ichaphazela yonke into; ukubambezeleka okuphezulu okuvela emva kwexesha endleleni kukholisa nje ukuxinana kufutshane nendawo ekuyiwa kuyo. Ngaba uyafuna ukujonga isidima senye yeehops ozifumeneyo? Ncamathisela IP yayo kwi yethu umkhangeli we-blacklist okanye yifumane kwimaphu.

Kutheni ixesha liphelile

Iinkwenkwezi (* * *) kuthetha ukuba i-router ayizange iphendule loo probe. Ixhaphakile, kwaye ihlala ingenabungozi:

  • Iirotha ezininzi ziqwalaselwe ukuba zingahoyi i-traceroute probes ngokupheleleyo (isantya sokunciphisa okanye umgaqo-nkqubo wokhuseleko).
  • Iifirewall ziwisa i-UDP okanye i-ICMP iipakethi zetraceroute ezisetyenziswayo.
  • I-router ibeka phambili phambili ekuphenduleni i-traffic traffic.

Umgaqo kabhontsi: ixesha lokuvala phakathi komkhondo kulungile ukuba nje iihops zamva ziqhubeka nokuphendula. Ukuba yonke hop emva inqaku elithile amaxesha ngaphandle kwaye indawo yokugqibela ayisoze iphendule, loo hop kulapho uxhulumaniso lwakho luqhawuka khona - ulwazi oluxabiseke kakhulu xa uxoxa ngelayini yenkxaso ye-ISP.

Kutheni kungekho webhusayithi inokulandelela wena

Isikhangeli sifakwe kwibhokisi yesanti ngabom: iJavaScript ayikwazi ukuthumela iipakethi ekrwada okanye ifunde iimpendulo ze-ICMP ezifunwa yitraceroute. Nayiphi na "i-traceroute ye-intanethi" oyifumanayo ibaleka kwiiseva zomboneleli ukuya kwithagethi - iluncedo, kodwa ilinganisa indlela eyahlukileyo kuneyesixhobo sakho.

Oku unako yenza kwisikhangeli: zichonge wena kunye nesiphelo sendlela yakho. Fumana i-IP yakho yoluntu, ngoko jonga i-DNS yayo engasemva ukubona igama lenginginya i-ISP yakho eyabelwe kumgca wakho - uhlobo olufanayo lwegama le-traceroute ebonisa kwi-hop nganye.

FAQ

Traceroute imibuzo

Ibonisa ntoni i-IP traceroute?

I-Traceroute idwelisa yonke irutha (hop) iipakethi zakho ezidlula phakathi kwesixhobo sakho kunye nendawo oya kuyo, kunye nexesha lokuya nokubuya kwi-hop nganye. Ityhila apho unxibelelwano lucotha okanye luqhekeka.

Kutheni ezinye iihops zetraceroute zibonisa iinkwenkwezi okanye ixesha lokuphuma?

Iirotha ezininzi ziqwalaselwe ukuba zingaphenduli iiprobes zetraceroute, kwaye iifirewall ziqhele ukuzivimba. Iinkwenkwezi kwiihops eziphakathi ziqhelekile kwaye azinabungozi - okubalulekileyo kukuba ingaba indawo yokugqibela iyaphendula na.

Ngaba ndingaqhuba i-traceroute kwiwebhusayithi?

Isikhangeli asikwazi ukuthumela iipakethi ekrwada kwiimfuno zetraceroute, ngoko ayinakwenziwa kwicala lomxhasi. Iitraceroutes ezisekwe kwiwebhu zikhona, kodwa zilinganisa indlela esuka kwiiseva zewebhusayithi ukuya ekujoliswe kuyo - hayi kwisixhobo sakho. Ukusuka kwisikhangeli usenako fumana i-IP yakho yoluntu kunye ne umva i-DNS.