howtofindtheip.com

I-IP Traceroute: Indlela Yokulandela Umzila Wokuxhuma

I-Traceroute ibonisa yonke irutha idatha yakho edlula kuyo phakathi kwedivayisi yakho nanoma iyiphi indawo - nalapho uhambo luhamba kancane. Nansi indlela yokuyisebenzisa kunoma iyiphi isistimu futhi ufunde okuphumayo.

Yini eyenziwa yi-traceroute

Iphakethe ngalinye elihamba ku-inthanethi linomkhawulo we-hop — i-TTL (isikhathi sokuphila) ku-IPv4, noma umkhawulo we-hop ku-IPv6. Irutha ngayinye eyisa phambili iphakethe iyayehlisa ngokuyodwa; uma ifika ku-zero, i-router iwisa iphakethe futhi ngesizotha ibuyisela umlayezo "isikhathi esidlulile".

I-Traceroute ihlomisa lokhu ngesizotha: ithumela amaphakethe ane-TTL 1, bese kuba ngu-2, bese kuba ngu-3… Impendulo ethi "kweqiwe isikhathi" ngasinye ebuyayo iveza ikheli lomzila owodwa ngaphezulu. Zihlanganise ndawonye bese uthola indlela ephelele esuka kuwe eya endaweni oya kuyo — ngezikhathi.

Ukuyiqhuba kusistimu yakho

IWindows - tracert

Cindezela Win + R, uhlobo cmd, shaya u-Enter, bese ugijima:

Command Prompt
tracert howtofindtheip.com

# Ngekheli le-IP esikhundleni segama:
tracert 1.1.1.1

i-macOS ne-Linux - traceroute

Terminal
traceroute howtofindtheip.com

# i-macOS ingadinga indlela ephelele noma ukufakwa:
/usr/sbin/traceroute howtofindtheip.com   #macOS
sudo apt install traceroute               # Debian/Ubuntu

Indlela engcono - mtr

mtr (I-Traceroute Yami) ihlanganisa i-traceroute ne-ping ekubukeni okubukhoma — ulwazi oluningi kakhulu lokuxilonga i-jitter nokulahlekelwa. Iyatholakala ku-Linux, macOS (nge brew install mtr) kanye neWindows (WinMTR).

Terminal
mtr howtofindtheip.com
# Cindezela u-'q' ukuze uyeke

Ukufunda imiphumela

Okukhiphayo okujwayelekile kubukeka kanje:

Example output
 1  router.home          1.2 ms  1.0 ms  1.1 ms      #irutha yakho
 2  isp-gw.net          12.4 ms 12.1 ms 12.3 ms      #ISP yakho
 3  backbone1.net       21.0 ms 20.8 ms 21.2 ms      # inethiwekhi yesifunda
 4  * * *                                            # irutha ethule (ejwayelekile)
 5  edge-server.net     23.9 ms 24.1 ms 23.8 ms
 6  howtofindtheip.com  24.0 ms 23.7 ms 23.9 ms      # indawo
  • Inombolo ye-Hop - bangaki amarutha ekujuleni kophenyo okufinyelelwe.
  • Igama lomethuleli / IP — umzila ophendulile (amagama e-PTR avame ukusikisela idolobha noma inkampani yenethiwekhi).
  • Izikhathi ezintathu - izikhathi zokuya nokubuya zama-probes amathathu. Okubalulekile yilokhu umkhuba: ukweqa okungazelelwe okuqhubekayo kuma-hop akamuva ngokuvamile kuphawula ingxenye ehamba kancane.

Ukubambezeleka okuphezulu kuma-hops okuqala (i-ISP yakho) kuthinta yonke into; ukubambezeleka okuphezulu okuvela sekwephuzile endleleni ngokuvamile kuwukuminyana eduze nendawo oya kuyo. Ufuna ukuhlola isithunzi se-hop eyodwa oyitholile? Namathisela i-IP yayo kweyethu isihloli sohlu oluvinjelwe noma thola kumephu.

Kungani kudlula isikhathi

Inkanyezi (* * *) kusho ukuthi umzila awuzange uphendule lolo phenyo. Okujwayelekile, futhi ngokuvamile akunangozi:

  • Amarutha amaningi alungiselelwe ukuthi angaziba ama-traceroute probe ngokuphelele (umkhawulo wesilinganiso noma inqubomgomo yezokuphepha).
  • Ama-firewall awisa ukusetshenziswa kwamaphakethe e-UDP noma e-ICMP traceroute.
  • Irutha ibeka phambili ukudlulisa ngaphezu kokuphendula ithrafikhi yokuxilonga.

Dwebela ushiye isithupha: ukuphela kwesikhathi phakathi kokulandela umkhondo kuhle inqobo nje uma ama-hops akamuva eqhubeka nokuphendula. Uma zonke hop ngemva iphuzu elithile izikhathi out futhi indawo yokugcina ayiphenduli, leyo hop yilapho uxhumano lwakho luphuka khona ngempela - ulwazi olubalulekile lapho uphikisana nolayini wokusekela we-ISP.

Kungani ingekho iwebhusayithi engalandelela wena

Isiphequluli sifakwe i-sandbox ngamabomu: I-JavaScript ayikwazi ukuthumela amaphakethe angahluziwe noma ifunde izimpendulo ze-ICMP ezidingwa yi-traceroute. Noma iyiphi "i-traceroute eku-inthanethi" oyithola isuka eziphakelini zomhlinzeki iye kokuqondisiwe - iwusizo, kodwa ikala indlela ehlukile kuneyedivayisi yakho.

Ini wena kungaba yenza kusiphequluli: zikhombe wena kanye neziphetho zendlela yakho. Thola i-IP yakho yomphakathi, bese bheka i-DNS yayo ehlanekezelwe ukuze ubone igama lomethuleli i-ISP yakho eyabelwe ulayini wakho - uhlobo olufanayo lwegama le-traceroute elibonisa ku-hop ngayinye.

FAQ

Traceroute imibuzo

Ibonisani i-IP traceroute?

I-Traceroute ibala yonke irutha (hop) amaphakethe akho adlula phakathi kwedivayisi yakho nendawo oya kuyo, nesikhathi sokuya nokubuya se-hop ngayinye. Iveza lapho uxhumano lunensa noma luphuka khona.

Kungani amanye ama-traceroute hop ebonisa izinkanyezi noma isikhathi sokuphuma?

Amarutha amaningi alungiselelwe ukuthi angaphenduli ama-traceroute probe, futhi ama-firewall awavimbeli. Izinkanyezi kuma-hop amaphakathi zijwayelekile futhi azinangozi — okubalulekile ukuthi indawo yokugcina iyaphendula yini.

Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa i-traceroute kusuka kuwebhusayithi?

Isiphequluli asikwazi ukuthumela izidingo zamaphakethe e-traceroute, ngakho-ke ngeke senziwa ohlangothini lweklayenti. Ama-tracerout asekelwe kuwebhu akhona, kodwa akala umzila osuka eziphakelini zewebhusayithi uye lapho uqondiwe khona — hhayi kusuka kudivayisi yakho. Kusukela kusiphequluli ungakwazi namanje thola i-IP yakho yomphakathi futhi yayo hlehlisa i-DNS.